The term 'sonogram' is often used interchangeably with 'ultrasound,' but it specifically refers to the resulting image or picture produced during a diagnostic ultrasound examination, also known as ultrasonography or sonography. It serves as a visual representation of the echoes detected by the transducer and provides detailed anatomical information about the area being examined. Sonograms are typically displayed on a monitor, printed on film, or stored digitally for further analysis and documentation by medical professionals such as sonographers and radiologists. They serve as invaluable diagnostic tools, aiding in the detection and evaluation of various medical conditions, as well as guiding interventions, ultrasound therapy, and treatment planning.
The term 'ultrasound' itself refers to the technology used during a sonogram, but it also finds several other applications beyond medical imaging. These include echolocation, crack detection, and cleaning, among others.
See also Ultrasound Imaging, Ultrasound Technology, Handheld Ultrasound, Ultrasound Accessories and Supplies, Environmental Protection and Ultrasound Elastography.

Sonography [aka: ultrasonography] is a term that encompasses the entire process of performing ultrasound examinations and interpreting the obtained images.
Sonography involves the skilled application of ultrasound technology by trained professionals known as sonographers or ultrasound technologists. These specialists operate the ultrasound equipment, manipulate the transducer, and acquire the necessary pictures for diagnostic imaging purposes. Sonography requires in-depth knowledge of anatomy, physiology, and pathology to accurately interpret the ultrasound images and provide valuable information to the treating physician.
Sonography uses equipment that generates high frequency sound waves to produce images from muscles, soft tissues, fluid collections, and vascular structures of the human body. Obstetric sonography is commonly used during pregnancy. Sonography visualizes anatomy, function, and pathology of for example gallbladder, kidneys, pancreas, spleen, liver, uterus, ovaries, urinary bladder, eye, thyroid, breast, aorta, veins and arteries in the extremities, carotid arteries in the neck, as well as the heart.
A typical medical ultrasound machine, usually a real-time scanner, operates in the frequency range of 2 to 13 megahertz.

See also Musculoskeletal and Joint Ultrasound, Pediatric Ultrasound, Cerebrovascular Ultrasonography and Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound.

From ESAOTE S.p.A.;
'Technos MPX is an incredibly powerful, multi-modality ultrasound system. Its advanced diagnostic capabilities allow physicians and sonographers to make more confident diagnoses, faster and easier. As a result, Technos MPX improves workflow and increases patient throughput.'

Specifications for this system will be available soon.

(TGC) Time gain compensation is the signal processing control that allows the sonographer to amplify the returning signal from deeper structures in the body. The TGC control compensates for the attenuation of sound waves.

The operator (sonographer) sets and changes the frequency and duration of the ultrasound pulses, as well as the scan mode of the machine with the transducer pulse control. The commands from the operator are translated into changing electric currents that are applied to the piezoelectric crystals in the transducer probe.

See also Blanking Distance.