(SP) The spatial peak intensity is the point in the sound field with maximum intensity.

(ITP) The temporal (instantaneous) peak intensity is the maximum intensity during the ultrasound pulse.
The formula is: P2/rc
P is the instantaneous acoustic pressure, r is the density of the medium and c is the speed of sound in the medium.

See also Temporal Average Intensity (Time Average Intensity).

(I-SPTA) Spatial peak time averaged intensity is the measure most associated with temperature rise.

See also Thermal Effect, and Time Average Intensity.

(AI) This index is the ratio between the acceleration of the Doppler spectral waveform and the relative peak systolic velocity. The systolic acceleration is determined by the change in distance between the begin of systolic flow and the peak systolic velocity (cm/sec), divided by the acceleration time (AT - time interval from the onset of flow to the initial peak).
The acceleration index is reported in frequency units as KHz/sec or velocity units as cm/sec2.

Sound waves must have a medium to pass through. The velocity or propagation speed is the speed at which sound waves travel through a particular medium measured in meters per second (m/s) or millimeters per microsecond (mm/μs). Because the velocity of ultrasound waves is constant, the time taken for the wave to return to the probe can be used to determine the depth of the object causing the reflection.
The velocity is equal to the frequency x wavelength.
V = f x l
The velocity of ultrasound will differ with different media. In general, the propagation speed of sound through gases is low, liquids higher and solids highest. The speed of sound depends strongly on temperature as well as the medium through which sound waves are propagating. At 0 °C (32 °F) the speed of sound in air is about 331 m/s (1,086 ft/s; 1,192 km/h; 740 mph; 643 kn), at 20 °C (68 °F) about 343 metres per second (1,125 ft/s; 1,235 km/h; 767 mph; 667 kn)

Velocity (m/s)

Doppler ultrasound visualizes blood flow-velocity information. The peak systolic velocity and the end diastolic velocity are major Doppler parameters, which are determined from the spectrum obtained at the point of maximal vessel narrowing. Peak systolic velocity ratios are calculated by dividing the peak-systolic velocity measured at the site of flow disturbance by that measured proximal of the narrowing (stenosis, graft, etc.).

See Acceleration Index, Acceleration Time, Modal Velocity, Run-time Artifact and Maximum Velocity.